Samarthya

Inheritance is a mechanism in object-oriented programming (OOP) that allows you to create new classes that are derived from existing classes. The derived class inherits attributes and behaviors from the base class, and can also have additional attributes and behaviors of its own.

Here’s an example of inheritance in Python:

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def make_sound(self):
        print("Some sound")

class Dog(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name, breed):
        super().__init__(name)
        self.breed = breed

    def make_sound(self):
        print("Woof!")

In this example, the Animal class is the base class and the Dog class is the derived class. The Dog class inherits the name attribute from the Animal class, and also has its own breed attribute.

The make_sound method in the Dog class overrides the make_sound method in the Animal class. This is known as method overriding.

The super() function is used to call the __init__ method of the base class, allowing the derived class to inherit the attributes and behaviors of the base class.

You can create instances of the Dog class just like any other class:

dog = Dog("Mydo", "Belgian")
dog.make_sound()
# Output: Woof!

This creates a new instance of the Dog class, with the name attribute set to “Mydo” and the breed attribute set to “Belgian”. The make_sound method is then called on the dog instance to produce the output “Woof!”.